Fulcrum Advising

The Pragmatic Playbook: Direct, Widespread, and Systemic Impact

A Pragmatic Playbook for Impact, originally published in 2022, introduces three strategies organizations can use to create impact:

* Kania, Kramer, and Senge, “The Water of Systems Change,” FSG, June 2018.

These strategies are not mutually exclusive; in fact, they are mutually reinforcing:

Source: Adapted from Cortez and Wade, “Pragmatic Playbook for Impact,” Bellwether, June 2022.

This publication also explored how to manage organizational change and how measurement works across a range of Widespread Impact programs.


Systemic Impact: The Only Path to Scale, Success, and Sustainability. Launched in 2025, this was a 16-month effort to research Systemic Impact more deeply, test content to train 10 organizations on how to design and execute Systemic Impact strategies, and then publish everything we learned.

Social problems must be addressed at scale through social systems that have the ability to enact policy, direct funding, and hold stakeholders accountable for implementing changes in practice. Systemic Impact is “philanthropy’s only exit strategy,” and for nonprofits, Systemic Impact is “the ultimate in business development.”

This work was released as a set of seven publications (and a downloadable template) to support organizations in designing and executing Systemic Impact strategies.

© 2026 Fulcrum Advising. This work is licensed under CC BY 4.0.

All images are inspired by the paintings of the artist Mark Tansey.